Pharmacogenomics: Knowledge, Attitude and Practice among Future Doctors and Pharmacists-A Pilot Study.

Rational application of genomics into practice would lead to safer chemotherapy through individualized medicine. The increasing trends of genetic discoveries coupled with increased adoption of pharmacogenomics in developed countries pose challenges to the presence and future healthcare professionals, not only in Malaysia. This research, aimed to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of final-year future healthcare professionals towards pharmacogenomics. A cross-sectional study was conducted by administering self-completed questionnaire (Reliability 0.82) to 247 participants, among which 68.4% responded. More than half were female medical students. The mean knowledge scores in percentage were 57.57±20.2 with a significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.002). Positive attitude, but low practice were observed which differs between pharmacy and medical students, p<0.05. Association between knowledge, attitude and practice, were investigated. The majority has demonstrated good knowledge and attitude towards pharmacogenomics, but with low practice. Studies are required to large sample and to examine barriers to adoption of pharmacogenomics.

Psychometric Properties of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Pharmacogenovigilance in Drug Safety Questionnaire in Medicine and Pharmacy Students: based on Exploratory Factor Analysis.

Integration of Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacovigilance in the curricula of future healthcare professionals is essential towards individualized medicine and drug safety. Researchers are lacking in Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding pharmacogenovigilance in drug safety among Malaysian future health professionals. This study is to develop and validate a reliable questionnaire for evaluation of knowledge, attitude and practice of future Doctors and Pharmacists concerning Pharmacogenovigilance in drug safety. A 49-item self-administered questionnaire was developed from the literature. The content was validated by a panel of relevant experts followed by face validity. A pilot study on 100 respondents was conducted for reliability, followed by a cross-sectional study involving 247 participants in factor analysis. The content validity index of the whole questionnaire was 0.8%. The overall Cronbach‟s Alpha was 0.8, with P<0.001. 67.4% of the total variance was explained by 13 factors, and we can conclude that the questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument.